The Menace of Flies: Diseases They Can Cause in Horses

Flies may be small creatures, but they can pose significant health risks to horses.

These persistent insects not only irritate horses with their perpetual buzzing and biting, but they can also transmit a variety of diseases. In this blog post, we will explore some of the diseases that flies can cause in horses and discuss the importance of fly control measures.

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA)
Equine Infectious Anemia, also known as swamp fever, is a viral disease that can be transmitted by blood-sucking insects such as horseflies. The virus attacks the horse's immune system, leading to anemia, fever, weakness, weight loss, and, in severe cases, even death. Infected horses become lifelong carriers of the disease, putting other horses at risk. Regular testing and strict biosecurity measures are essential to prevent the spread of EIA.

Ulcerative Lymphangitis
Ulcerative lymphangitis is another disease that can be caused by fly-borne bacteria. Flies, including houseflies, stable flies, and horn flies, can carry Corynebacteria, which can in turn infect horses and lead to this condition. Ulcerative lymphangitis results in massive swelling of the limb, and it is usually associated with draining wounds in infected horses. Immediate veterinary attention is required to treat this painful and debilitating disease.

Allergic Dermatitis
Not all horse flies directly transmit diseases, but some, like black flies and Culicoides (midges), can cause allergic dermatitis in horses. The saliva of these insects contains antigens that trigger an immune response, leading to skin allergies characterized by itching, painful bites, and the formation of fluid-filled blisters or nodules. Horses affected by allergic dermatitis may suffer from discomfort and suffer secondary infections if the skin becomes damaged due to excessive itching.

The Importance of Fly Control Measures
Given the potential dangers posed by flies, implementing effective fly control measures is crucial for safeguarding the health and well-being of horses. Here are some strategies to consider:

• Stable Management: Keep the stable environment clean by regularly removing manure, as it attracts flies. Consider using insecticides or traps specifically designed for fly control.
• Pasture Management: Maintain good pasture hygiene by regularly removing manure and avoiding stagnant water sources that attract flies. Consider using fly repellents or protective fly sheets to minimize exposure.
• Fly Control Devices: Install fly traps, sticky tapes, or screens in barns and stables to catch and eliminate flies. These devices can significantly reduce fly populations in high-risk areas.
• Protective Measures: Use fly masks, fly sheets, and fly boots to provide physical protection for horses, especially during peak fly season. Applying insect repellents recommended for equine use can also help deter flies.
• Collaborate with Veterinarians: Consult with a veterinarian to develop a comprehensive fly control program tailored to your horse's specific needs. They may recommend appropriate vaccinations or provide guidance on the best fly control products to use.

By implementing these measures, horse owners and caretakers can help reduce the risk of fly-borne diseases and improve the overall well-being of their equine companions.

In conclusion, flies can transmit several diseases to horses, ranging from viral infections to allergic reactions. Understanding these risks and taking proactive steps to control flies can play an essential role in maintaining horses' health. By prioritizing fly control, we can create a safer and more comfortable environment for our equine friends - and Kensington Protective Products is proud to provide horse owners with the best quality fly sheets, fly masks, and fly boots on the market - with an amazing Product Guarantee! 

Note: This blog post is for informational purposes only. Consult with a veterinarian for personalized advice and recommendations related to your horse's health and fly control.